Psychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa Essay -- Health Disorders Weight Lo

Psychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa What is anorexia? Anorexia nervosa is a dietary problem that comprises of self-managed food limitation in which the individual takes a stab at slenderness and furthermore includes contortion of the manner in which the individual sees their own body. An anorexic individual weighs under 85% of their optimal body weight. The commonness of dietary issues is between .5-1% of ladies matured 15-40 and around 1/20 of this number happens in men. Anorexia influences all parts of an influenced individual's life including passionate wellbeing, physical wellbeing, and associations with others (Shekter-Wolfson et al 5-6). An examination finished in 1996 indicated that anorexics additionally will in general have qualities that are fanatical in nature and convey overwhelming passionate dependence on others (Herpertz-Dahlmann et al 461). Reliance, self-coordinated antagonistic vibe, and confidence didn't relate profoundly with anorexia nervosa as accepted (Rogers and Petrie 138). What's more, anorexics will in general require consistent hospitalization which bring about close to home and orderly expenses (Shekter-Wolfson et al 6-7). Techniques for Clinical Assessment All together for an individual to be determined to have anorexia nervosa, they should have the two basic mental side effects of the drive for slenderness and the self-perception mutilation issue. As indicated by the DSM-IV, anorexics are arranged into two classifications, limiting and pigging out/cleansing sorts. Another evaluation gadget is the Eating Attitudes Test and the Eating Disorders Inventory. The assessment of an influenced individual ought to be multidimensional and far reaching due to the seriousness of this issue (Shekter-Wolfson et al 10). After this has occurred, a conventional meeting with the customer is led. This meeting comprises... ...9: 101-105. Herpertz-Dahlmann, B., Wewetzer, C., Hennighausen, K., and Remschmidt, H. (1996). Result, Psychosocial Functioning, and Prognostic Factors in Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa as Determined by Prospective Follow-up Assessment. Diary of Youth and Adolescence. 25: 455-465. Rogers, Rebecca L., and Petrie, Trent A. (1996). Character Correlates of Anorexic Symptomatology in Female Undergraduates. Diary of Counseling and Development. 75: 138-141. Shekter-Wolfson, Lorie F., Woodside, D. Blake, and Lackstrom, Jan D. (1997). Social Work Treatment of Anorexia and Bulimia: Guidelines for Practice. Research on Social Work Practice. 7: 5-20. White, Mark B. (1997). How Good is Family Therapy? A Reassessment. Diary of Marital and Family Therapy. 23: 93-94. Yager, Joel (1994). Psychosocial Treatments for Eating Disorders. Psychiatry. 57: 153-168.

Paper Writing Instruments For Children

Paper Writing Instruments For ChildrenWhether you are a child, teenager or an adult, you will most likely find yourself in the situation of needing paper writing and the word. The best writing instruments are not always the most durable or long lasting, however, these notations are for your convenience.Before the invention of pens, pencils and erasers, it was the eras of hand writing and markers that was the easiest to work with for children and teenagers, and they relied on clear acrylic crayons, colored pencils and marker pens to accomplish their work. These pieces of apparatus for the job were easy to transport, versatile and also most importantly inexpensive.The best paper writing instruments for children are not necessarily the best writing instruments for adults. Children learn a new word, a new concept or an idea with each individual experience. You may take them to a play or movie, but that does not mean you should write an essay about it.Often, what they need is to write dow n a new phrase and then find it again when they go to try and write it down. At this point the idea may be fresh and therefore worth pursuing and writing down. You might be surprised at how many people need to write down a new word every day.Using a postage stamp for your letter's explanation is a great option for children. The envelopes that contain your letters should have this option. The stamps can easily be removed and also can be used over again until the appropriate occasion presents itself.When you think about it, the basic designs of most crayons and pens are all made of the same material. Whether it is a dot, line or gradient, the process is very similar. The coloring process is based on whether you are working with pencils or pens.Thereare pens that allow you to customize the amount of red, blue or green in your color. Or if you want the ink to take on a different shade, you can also do this. This is important for individuals who will be coloring in a black and white draw ing for a school project.The final alternative for children and teenagers is to use a coloring book with a grid or an outline of what they want to draw. This way they can start with their lines first and then they can move onto the colors as they feel the need to do so. The important thing to remember is that whatever paper writing instruments you choose, it should be able to withstand the daily use and abuse that it will face.

Research Proposal on Do People Who Take Vitamins Recover Faster From the Flu

Do people who take vitamins recover faster from the flu and produce a more significant immune response? Flu, also commonly known as influenza or Grippe, is a virus disease that attacks by infecting the respiratory system, nervous or gastrointestinal system (stomach flu). Rarely fatal, it often opens the door to Pneumonia, Eye and Ear infections and Brian inflammation that do threaten life.   Common colds are usually confused with Influenza, in view of both these ailments attacking the upper respiratory system and showing similar symptoms. In fact they are both caused by different viruses. The worst catastrophe was a devastating world-wide epidemic (pandemic) of Influenza stuck during the summer-winter of 1918 taking the total death toll to about 10 million which included a half-million in the United States of America alone. Actually Influenza virus is around, most of the time harbored by many human beings. They indeed fall ill when their resistance is lowered. Epidemics begin when circumstances to the spread of Flu virus are favorable. There are 3 types of Flu virus.   They are A, B and C.   A type of flu is the most severe and sometimes fatal among these, usually affects the adults. Individuals that are healthy, seldom need diagnosis by a physician, unless of course, he has been haunted by the Flu for over few weeks or the disease itself is very severe in attack. Usually in a strong immune system the Flu weans away after a few days or weeks, leaving no traces. But when a person’s defense system of the body or the immune system is weakened, the flue takes over and complicates the body’s condition. In such situations, the healthcare professionals or the physicians advise complete bed–rest, with adequate intake of fluids, supplemented by good nutritious food for a speedy recovery in order to prevent dehydrated conditions. â€Å"Feed† the cold and â€Å"fast† the fever. The big question here is, whether proper diet taken along with medicines is sufficient for cure and relief from Flu. There is an argument that adequate intake of vitamins on the other hand is very useful for a faster recovery from flu and contributes to significant immune response. Harri Hemila, an author-professor affirms that it does not make any sense to administer vitamin C on every single day hoping for reducing the chances of getting afflicted with Flu and cold. However, using vitamin C is justifiable if the person already contracted with cold and flu or physical stresses. But then, this theory also needs more research to confirm these results. According to Catherine Collins, a registered dietician at the British Dietetic Association, the optimum intake of vitamin C, per day, should be 200 mg which indeed helps the immune system in a Flu-affected person. She claims that this could also be obtained from out of vegetables and fruits, adequately eaten every single day and that any over dose of vitamin C does not get absorbed into the body but will be removed. Mrs. Collins further stated that, although the vitamin C is useful for white blood cells for fighting the infections, no proper evidence is available suggesting that vitamin C could be useful as a preventive for Flu and cold. Mrs. Collins further avers that it might sound feasible, biologically, to most that since vitamin C helps strengthen the immune system, it also prevents any illness from occurring, and that there is no conclusive proof to that thought. Vitamin C is needed for a healthy immune system but then, one could always get it out of fruits and vegetables that he eats in the regular diet in order to derive the benefit of getting other important nutrients, anti-oxidants and fiber. It is reiterated that no scientifically supported evidence is available for the theory that consuming large doses of vitamin C could be effective in preventing or reducing the symptoms of Flu. Nevertheless, the intake of dietary supplements ensures getting adequate vitamin C on any day on which sufficient fruits and vegetables are not consumed. Vitamin E taken orally could have a protective effect against the Flu (which infects the upper respiratory tract). The intake of vitamin E is to be cautiously administered in view of possibility of certain adverse effects like increased bleeding and drug interactions. Pregnant and Breast-feeding women should take vitamin C only under the supervision of a doctor. Ascorbic acid or Vitamin C, a water-soluble vitamin, is quite necessary for the body in the formation of collagen in bones, cartilage, muscle and blood vessels and   Ã‚   helps absorption of iron. Although the scientific research generally indicates that vitamin C does not help prevent the Flu symptoms, there is a school of thought amongst the people that live in certain extreme conditions or circumstances (like Soldiers, Marathon runners and skiers) run a reduced risk of contracting with Flu by about 50%, reportedly. However this warrants an additional study. It is observed that consumption of large doses of vitamin C could lead to diarrhea, gastrointestinal upset and vaginal yeast infections in sensitive women population. It is recommended that in spite of taking the Flu vaccine, vitamin C and vitamin D should be taken in high dosage, since these health supplements have been proved to be effective in the prevention and treatment of Flu. An extremely important vitamin that is quite effective in post Flu regimen is vitamin A, because the Flu virus reduces the vitamin A levels that are stored in the body. However, an expert health professionals advice should be sought when the Flu-affected person is required to take vitamin A over a long period of time in non-mycelized form, since this can be potentially toxic. Because mycelized A, is a form of vitamin A, taken in high dosage for short duration is remarkably effective. According to a study published in October, 1999 ( ref: journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics ), 1000 mg of vitamin C and Ascorbic acid taken, had a significant effect in reducing Flu symptoms in comparison with the usage of pain relievers and decongestants. Study by Gorton HC and Jarvis k with an enlistment of 463 students between ages 18 and 30 as controls and 252 students belonging to the same age group as test subjects; has shown a remarkable result. The test subjects in 1991 were compared with controls in 1990 for similar symptoms of Flu and cold. While the controls were treated with pain relievers and decongestants, the subjects were administered with 1000 mg of vitamin C every hour for first six hours of reporting of symptoms of Flu; followed-up by three doses per day, for the next three days. Very significantly enough, the research showed that the reported Flu and cold symptoms decreased by 85% in the Test Group compared with the control group. In conclusion, it is largely suggested by many a study group and research that intake of vitamins as supplements will only contribute to the building-up of resistance levels in the body to withstand the flue but does not build-up any immune system, as is generally assumed by the public. Vitamins do help the immune system but might not act as preventive or curative agents. The recovery from flu could be accelerated due to boost of resistance level in the body by the vitamins.   Mega doses of vitamin C intake in both pre and post flu symptoms relieved and prevented the flu condition.

About the Extension of University Education Act, 1959

The Extension of University Education Act, no. 45 of 1949, segregated South African universities by both race and ethnicity.  This meant that the law not only decreed that â€Å"white† universities were closed to black students, but also that the universities that were open to black students be segregated by ethnicity.  This meant that only Zulu students, for instance, were to attend the University of Zululand, while the University of the North, to take another example, was formerly restricted to Sotho students. The Act was another piece of Apartheid legislation, and it augmented the 1953 Bantu Education Act. The Extension of University Education Act was repealed by Tertiary Education Act of 1988. Protests and Resistance There was widespread protests against the Extension of Education Act. In Parliament, the United Party—the minority party under Apartheid—protested its passage. Many university professors also signed petitions protesting the new law and other racist legislation aimed at higher education. Non-white students also protested the act, issuing statements and marching against the Act. There was also international condemnation of the Act. Bantu Education and the Decline of Opportunity South African universities that taught in the Afrikaans languages had already limited their student bodies to white students, so the immediate impact was to prevent non-white students from attending the Universities of Cape Town, Witswatersrand, and Natal, which had formerly been comparatively open in their admissions. All three had multi-racial student bodies, but there were divisions within the colleges. The University of Natal, for instance, segregated its classes, while the University of Witswatersrand and University of Cape Town had color bars in place for social events. The Extension of Education Act closed these universities. There was also an impact on the education students received at universities that had previously been unofficially â€Å"non-white† institutions. The University of Fort Hare had long argued tat all students, regardless of color, deserved an equally excellent education, and it was an internationally prestigious university for African students. Nelson Mandela, Oliver Tambo, and Robert Mugabe were among its graduates, but after the passage of the Extension of University Education Act, the government took over the University of Fort Hare and designated it an institution for Xhosa students.  After that, the quality of education declined precipitously as these universities were forced to provide the purposely inferior Bantu Education. University Autonomy The most significant impacts were on non-white students, but the law also reduced the autonomy for South African universities by taking away their right to decide who to admit to their schools. The government also replaced University administrators with people who were seen as being more inline with Apartheid sentiments, and professors who protested the new legislation also lost their jobs.   Indirect Impacts The declining quality of education for non-whites, of course, had much broader implications. The training for non-white teachers, for instance, was distinctly inferior to that of white teachers, which impacted the education of non-white students. That said, there were so few non-white teachers with university degrees in Apartheid South Africa, that the quality of higher education was something of a moot point for secondary teachers. The lack of educational opportunities and of university autonomy also limited the educational possibilities and scholarship under Apartheid. Sources Mangcu, Xolela. Biko: A Life. (I.B. Tauris, 2014), 116-117. Cutton, Merle. â€Å"Natal University and the Question of Autonomy, 1959-1962.† Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre. Bachelor of Arts Honors Thesis, Department of Natal, Durban, 1987. â€Å"History,† University of Fort Hare, (Accessed 31 January 2016)

Managers Need to Know how to Budget - 1862 Words

Knowing about finance can help managers and leadership significantly because it allows them to understand the needs for budgeting. This revolves around income statements, balance sheets, cost of goods and earning statements. I have learned more information on how budgeting, if done correctly, can help reduce debt significantly. Knowing the important functions and goals of financial management can help organization thrive because their leadership and department managers understand the issues that can arise from not knowing the importance of goal settings. Making finance decisions can break or make a company because it allows the organization the ability to be able to analyze the impact of various financial decisions. This includes financial planning, which is put in place to help organizations to overcome obstacles and challenges through strategic financial decision making techuqies. A few factors that should be looked at are business-side focus, funding sources and operating surplus, which will be briefly explained in the paragraphs to come. Managing operational budgets have two main factors that must be looked at to make sure the organization is kept running efficiently and effectively. These factors are known as compound and contents of an operating budget plan. Capital budgeting will be briefly discussed below as well. I will also be reflecting on what I have learned throughout this course by explaining roles of ethics and professional responsibility. First financialShow MoreRelatedThe Cost Of The Sales Revenues For The Coming Year1447 Words   |  6 Pagesacceptable level of profit. 3. This budget for the whole company s cost is then broken down by division, department or by cost centre. 4. The budget may then be broken down further so that each manager has a budget and therefore some spending power. 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Information Technology and Computer Science †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Information Technology and Computer Science. Answer: History of Software Licensing Till the year of 1980 there were less number of licensing strategy beyond the purchase and selling of software program hoping the fact that it would not be copied anymore (Ito, 2012). Previously some methods of protection were developed in which programs were written into disk which were hard to copy (Schwalbe, 2015). Later on flexible methods were developed which needs hardware USB dongles which contain licensing information and after that it put into the user system and can be easily detected by various system software before it comes into action. Free source license is a software from which various source codes can be easily released. It actually relates to the method of creation of software by making use of one or many programming based language. Free source software was developed in such a way that it can help a large number of users. Propriety software generally consist of software which is licensed by various copyright holders. Various users are allowed to use software but they are not allowed to make any changes. Proprietary software is also known as closed source software in which original source code for any software is not available. History of Information Technology Information technology has been around for a very long period of time. People has been around information technology because of the method of communication which is available at a given point of time (Bently Sherman, 2014). There have been four main stages which has been divided the whole information technology which are premechanical, mechanical, electromechanical and electronic. In present day IT has played an important role in integration of various plans of an organization. It is used in wide number of sectors like communication, inventory management, data management, management of information system, management of customer relationship and many other things. Intellectual Property Intellectual property in general refers to creation or building up of minds, invention and artistic works which consist of symbols, names and images. There are generally two types of intellectual property which are industrial property and copyright (Coeckelbergh, 2013). Various organizations round the globe have made use of their intellectual property for making use of their privacy, signal and protection time and date for the protection of clients on cyberspace. Ethics of information technology Ethics is a method which consist of various moral principles. It ultimately affects the way how people take decision in a situation and lead their lives. The world is adopting new technologies as the need of ethics which is used for proper growth of it. Information technology gets it recognition after the proper launch of various office for various system. Conclusion From the above discussion it can be concluded that software licensing has played a key role in buying and selling various software programs. Role and importance of free source license has been discussed in brief. After that the history of information technology has been discussed in details. Concepts related to intellectual property and the ethics of information technology has also been described. References Bently, L., Sherman, B. (2014).Intellectual property law. Oxford University Press, USA. Coeckelbergh, M. (2013). Drones, information technology, and distance: mapping the moral epistemology of remote fighting.Ethics and information technology,15(2), 87-98. Ito, M. (2012).Engineering play: A cultural history of children's software. MIT Press. Schwalbe, K. (2015).Information technology project management. Cengage Learning.

McDonalds Success

Table of Contents Introduction Business-level strategy Corporate-level strategy Competitive environment Slow-cycle and fast-cycle markets Conclusion Reference List Introduction McDonald’s is one of the most successful corporations worldwide. This fast food restaurants chain includes more than 30,000 restaurants which serve to around 70 million people in all parts of the globe (2012 annual report, 2013). The corporation’s revenues are more than $27 billion and the growth is steady as the revenues increase each year (2012 annual report, 2013).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on McDonald’s Success specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is also necessary to note that the company was once a family owned business operating in one US state. At present, this is a publicly traded corporation which is operating in 118 countries (Williams, 2010). This success suggests that the company has impleme nted effective strategies at different levels, which enables it to be the leader of the market even though its major competitors have also achieved a lot. Business-level strategy Business-level strategies focus on the company’s relationship with its customers (and potential customers) and its competitors. When it comes to a corporation, business-level strategies are used to address the needs of customers in specific markets, countries, areas (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson, 2012). One of the major strategies at the business level is development of proper relationships with customers. Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson (2012) note that it can be effective for a business to employ the strategy at three different levels, i.e. reach, richness and affiliation dimensions. This approach helps develop proper relationships with existing and potential customers. Hence, the reach dimension is concerned with developing strategies to access and connect to customers. At this dimension, the company can focus on introducing new services to customers. Clearly, the company should continuously monitor the needs of its existing and especially its potential customers. It is essential to understand who these customers are and what they are seeking for. It is also important to understand how to let them hear the message. Introduction of new services will attract new customers. Admittedly, each market and each area needs a unique approach and numerous characteristic features of people living in this or that region should be taken into account. The richness dimension dwells upon the degree to which connection between the company and the customer can develop. In other words, this is about the information flow between the customer and the company. This dimension also involves monitoring and research.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company should make sure that customersà ¢â‚¬â„¢ ideas can be heard and brought to reality. The use of social networking can be a good tool to make it possible as customers can share their ideas and address the company at any time. The affiliation dimension is concerned with developing customers’ loyalty. Thus, it is crucial to make sure that customers’ aspirations are met. The two dimensions mentioned above focus on acquiring information and developing strategies to meet customers’ needs, whereas the third dimension is about control over implementation of the strategies utilized. The use of this three-dimension strategy will ensure long-term success of the company as loyalty of existing customers and attraction of new customers will enable the corporation to remain competitive. Corporate-level strategy At this level, the company should focus on numerous issues related to the development of the company as a whole unit. Thus, it should focus on the level of diversification, allocation of resources, poss ible cooperation with other companies (Hill Jones, 2012). These issues require special attention as they define the way the corporation will develop. It is also important to note that the corporation has to take into account its shareholders’ views at this level. Any corporation gives certain rights to its shareholders and the latter can affect the way the company develops. It is possible to work out an effective corporate-level strategy for McDonald’s. As far as diversification is concerned, the company should focus on regional features to win customers’ loyalty. Admittedly, the company has been associated with the American way of life. The company has attempted to change this image though it still persists. However, in the contemporary globalized world, this image can negatively affect the company’s development. Therefore, the corporation should work on development of a new image of a global fast food restaurant chain which meets requirements of the co ntemporary customer.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on McDonald’s Success specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The message to articulate worldwide is that the company enables people to eat fast, healthy and cheap food. Obviously, it is essential to pay special attention to regional peculiarities as each country has its own vision of healthy and fast eating. Allocation of funds is also of paramount importance for McDonald’s. Acquisition of real estate, development of new products, marketing and research require sufficient funding. Some companies try to reduce their expenditures limiting their research. This is counterproductive as profound research helps companies understand recent trends and work out appropriate strategies to address issues they face. These strategies will help the corporation maintain its leading position in the market as they will ensure the corporation’s development. C ompetitive environment The most significant competitor of McDonald’s is Burger King, which is a global corporation, operating in 79 countries. The food served in the restaurants of both corporations is quite similar as McDonald’s and Burger King specialize on hamburgers and serving fast food. It is necessary to note that the strategies employed are quite similar at all levels, though Burger King is less successful due to a number of mistakes. Clearly, effective corporate-level strategies are crucial for any corporation. McDonald’s has managed to develop consistent franchising policies which enable its franchisees to run their business successfully. More so, McDonald’s operates about 15% of its restaurants in the USA, and this rate increases when it comes to units in other countries (Williams, 2010). Therefore, it is possible to note that the control over management is quite significant. In other words, the corporation makes sure that restaurants follow th e necessary regulations accepted in this or that area. At the same time, Burger King has failed to build proper relations with its franchisees. The corporations’ policies concerning franchisees are not consistent and franchisees often deviate from certain norms.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some aspects of cooperation between franchisees and the company are not properly highlighted in agreements, which also led to several legal issues (Williams, 2010). However, relations with franchisees are not the only flaw in the corporate-level strategies utilized by Burger King. Burger King’s expansion policies are also less effective than those employed by McDonald’s. Thus, McDonald’s is seen as a symbol of globalization (Williams, 2010). Burger King lags behind. The corporation is often accused of paying little attention to regional peculiarities even though the corporation is open to novelties. For instance, in Germany they sell beer and in the Middle East they offer kosher food (Smith Kraig, 2013). Nevertheless, people often claim that Burger King is still seen as an alien chain with no specific message or set of values (Williams, 2010). Though McDonald’s is still regarded as a restaurant symbolizing American ways of life, it is now more associated with globalization and modernity. Thus, McDonald’s has proved to be a more successful company in this area. Admittedly, the flaws of corporate-level strategies also lead to inefficient business-level strategies. Inconsistent corporate-level strategies are also associated with inconsistent business-level strategies as franchisees can be run poorly due to lack of knowledge and proper management. Franchisees can often fail to follow certain standards and this leads to poor quality of service and, as a result, customers choose other fast food chains. Furthermore, inability to understand the needs of customers living in this or that area also results in customer’s lack of loyalty. It is necessary to note that McDonald’s has more chances to be out of its competitors’ reach in the long run as the corporation employs efficient strategies which help the company develop and meet needs of the contemporary markets and its customers. Burger King may lose more points in the long run as their policies are often ineffective. There is lack of control and lack of development. Hence, McDonald’s is likely to be more successful in the long run. Slow-cycle and fast-cycle markets Noteworthy, evaluation of the two corporations’ success can differ in slow-circle and fast-circle markets. In a slow-circle market, where change occurs quite rarely, Burger King could be quite successful. The corporation has had a constant growth for decades. It was successful in the middle of the twentieth century. Of course, it is hard to say whether McDonald’s would be less or more successful than Burger King. The chances of the two corporations could be equal for a slow-circle market as they offer similar products and services. However, when it comes to a fast-circle market, McDonald’s is a leader exploiting successful strategies. The fast-circle market is characterized by changeability. At that, such markets change quite fast. For instance, the c ontemporary hospitality market can be seen as a highly competitive and changeable market as technological advances bring a lot of changes. Thus, new services are offered, new types of advertising is being used. Clearly, hospitality market is not as changeable as the market of mobile phones, but companies should try to keep up. McDonald’s successfully implements numerous changes, while Burger King is less successful in this respect. Thus, McDonald’s is often the first one to introduce new services while Burger King only responds to these novelties introducing similar products, services or strategies (Williams, 2010). Therefore, Burger King could not successfully compete with McDonald’s. At present, it is apparent that Burger King is losing points while McDonald’s is still a leader in this market. Conclusion To sum up, it is possible to note that McDonald’s is a successful corporation that utilizes effective strategies at corporate and business level . Successful implementation of these strategies has enabled the company to become the leader in the sphere. The company’s most significant competitor, Burger King, has inconsistent strategies and fails to implement changes in time. This contributes to the success of McDonald’s. It is necessary to note that the corporation has become a symbol of change, success and modernity, which contributes to its success worldwide. Reference List 2012 annual report. (2013). Retrieved from http://corporate.mcdonalds.com/content/dam/AboutMcDonalds/Investors/Investor%202013/2012%20Annual%20Report%20Final.pdf Hill, C., Jones, G. (2012). Strategic management theory: An integrated approach. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Hitt, M., Ireland, R.D., Hoskisson, R. (2012). Strategic management: Concepts and cases. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Smith, A., Kraig, B. (2013). The Oxford encyclopedia of food and drink in America. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Williams, C. (2010). Management . Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. This research paper on McDonald’s Success was written and submitted by user Maria Lane to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.